Well, theorically, interpolation based on a grid of 4x4 pixel should be better than one based on a grid 2x2.
Bilinear filter, is a poor , quick, non-adaptive interpolation.
A better non-adaptive interpolation, would be a lanczos, or a bicubic ....
Hq4x, super eagle and so on... are adaptive interpolation.
Advantage of adaptive interpolation , is that sharpness of edges are restored.
Also adaptive interpolation interpolation try to eliminate jaggies,
and because of this it might be rounding/eliminate edges we want to keep (what you call "loss of details").
I found the "hq4xS (mudlord)" was good at preserving sharpness of edges, removing jaggies,
and not introducing too much artefacts.
I don't know how to write a vba-m plugin, but I guess it could be fun to tweak them ...
What about a hq6x plugin ?